Improvement in apparatus for refining fat-oils



Patented June 25, 1878i.

N PETERS PHOTO LITHGGHAPHEP WASHINGTON D C H. 'I'. YARYAN. Apparatus for Refining Fait Oils.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIGE.

HOMER T. YARYAN, OF RICHMOND, INDIANA.

IMPROVEMENT IN APPARATUS FOR REFINING FAT-OILS.

n Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 2705.328, dated June 25, 1878 application tiled February 25, 187B.

To all whomt't may concern:

Be it known that I, Hot/LER T. YARYAN, of Richmond, Wayne county, Indiana, have invented a new and -useful improvement in apparatus for extracting the oleaginous matter from vegetable and` other substances by the use of a hydrocarbon solvent and dry superheated steam, of which the following is afull, clear, and exact description, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

' In the drawings, R denotes aboiler for generating steam; S, a furnace for superheating steam, consisting of a series of pipes or retorts, through Vwhich steam from t-he boiler R is passed and exposedto the action of heat; A, a tank or percolator, consisting of an upright cylinder, preferably mounted upon horizontal axes, and furnished with certain pipe-connections hereinafter described, and with an aperture at one end furnished with a steam-tight removable cover,B 5 C', a vapor-pipe, connecting the percolator A with a condenser, O; D, a steam-pipe leading from the superheatin gfurnace S, and capable of being connected with the percolator A, as hereinafter described; E, a pipe connecting the percolator Al with a draining-tank, T. This pipe has suitable connections by which it may be used also for admitting superheated steam to the percolator, as hereinafter described. R is also a drainingtank, connected with the percolator A by a pipe; Q, a pump for elevating the contents ot tanks Rand T to another tank, F, from which a pipe, H, leads downward in a coil, N, within the steam-tight drum K, and, after passing out below, divides into two branches, L, passing downward to a trough above a steam-coil evaporator, J, and the other, M, passing upward to a condenser, O. A tank, P, for the final reception and treatment of the oil, is located beneath the evaporator J.

The operation and use of my improved apparatus are as follows:

The percolatorA bein gtllled with the meal or other substance to be treated for the extraction of its oil, naphtha or other solvent capable of being vaporzed by heat is poured in until the contents of the percolator are covered and saturated, and are so allowed to remainuntil the process of solution is complete. For lindrain downward through vent w into a tank,

R. When liquid ceases to liow a nozzle, d, is inserted in the side of the percolatorAthrough a screw-threaded aperture at y and int-o the center of the mass of meal contained in' the with percolator. The nozzle dis then connected the pipe D,and, vents w and C being opened, dry superheated steam is allowed to pass into the percolator and continued until steam shows at C, which vent is then closed and the steamjet further continued until steam shows at m, which is then closed and the jet discontinued. The nozzle d is then disconnected and removed, and its aperture inthepercolator closed by a suitable stopper. Superheated steam is then allowed to pass into the percolator through theventwat the bottom, the upper vent C being' opened, and this jet continued until the steam passing out through C into the condenser O shows no trace of the solvent. The steamjet is then discontinued, the pipes all disconnected from the percolator, and the meal removed Vtherefrom through the aperture at B, thc

cover being taken off and dried for the ordinary uses of such residuum. The oil thus extracted from the meal, combined with the solvent, being contained in the tanks R and T, is elevated by an ordinary pump, Q, into a tank, F, whence it is permitted to flow downward in a graduated streamthrough the pipeH through a coil, N, contained in asteam-tight drum, K, Where it is heated by steam admitted into the drum K from the boiler R directly to a teinperature of, say, 3000, so that when it reaches the dividing-point of the pipe H below the vaporized solvent rises through the branch M to a condensing-worm, O1, surrounded by cold water, and thus recondensed and recovered in a receptacle below for use, while the oil descends through the branch L, which has a U- trap, as shown, into a trough located above a steam-evaporating coil, J, supplied also with The vent x isl then closed,'

steam from the boiler R. From the trough the oil drips downward over the exterior surfaces of the steam-pipes'J into the final receiving-tank P, and the final traces of the solvent removed by forcing a blast of air either at ordin ary temperatures or heated through the body ofthe liquid in a divided jet.

It is evident that this apparatus may be simpliiied, while still retaining its essential features,in various ways. A single tank, R, ben eath the percolator A, may be used instead of the three tanks R, T, and F shown in the drawings, andthe condensing and Vaporizing worms located upon a lower level, and thus the pumping apparatus Q may be dispensed with.

A single condenser for the vaporized solvent may also be used instead of two, as shown at 0 0. The apparatus described and shown is, however, that which I have constructed and used on a large scale, and with which the beneticial results claimed are fully demonstrated in commercial use.

By this apparatus a large and profitable percentage of oil of superior quality is extracted from the Ordin ary residuum or spent meal;7 or linseed-oil cake77 of commerce, on which the ordinary process by compression has been exhausted, and the meal itself improved in quality, so that it can be used freely as food for animals.

Having described my invention, I claim- 1. The removable nozzle d, or its equivalent, in combination with percolating-tank A, for introducing superheated steam centrally into the mass of vegetable or other matter within the tank, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. In an apparatus for the extraction of oils from oil-bearing substances by chemical solution and separating and recovering the solvent therefrom by heat, the combination of a coil, N inclosin g steam-drum K, outlet-pipe H, and separating-branches L M, forvaporizing and separating the solvent from the oil, substan tially as specified.

3. The construction and arrangement of the apparatus, consisting of the following elements in combination, namely: steam-generator R', steam-superheater S, reversible percolator A, draining tank or tanks It, separator K, with coil N and outlet-branches L M, condenser O, and receiving-tank P, with their connecting-pipes, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

Witness my hand this 16th day of February, A. D. 1878.

HOMER T. YARYAN.

Attest:

L. M. HosEA, H. P. K. PECK. 

